On the stand, Google head of global partnerships Don Harrison confirmed Spotify paid a 0 percent commission when users chose to buy subscriptions through Spotify’s own system. If the users picked Google as their payment processor, Spotify handed over 4 percent — dramatically less than Google’s more common 15 percent fee.
重點在於 Spotify 服務透過蘋果的平台會有 30% 的抽成，但 Apple Music 因為自家服務而不需要：
To illustrate what I mean, let me share a few examples. Apple requires that Spotify and other digital services pay a 30% tax on purchases made through Apple’s payment system, including upgrading from our Free to our Premium service. If we pay this tax, it would force us to artificially inflate the price of our Premium membership well above the price of Apple Music. And to keep our price competitive for our customers, that isn’t something we can do.
Taking daily averages, stutter decreased 6-10% for the BBR group. Bandwidth increased by 10-15% for the slower download cohorts, and by 5-7% for the median. There was no difference in latency between groups.
In this paper, we introduce HopsFS, a next generation distribution of the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) that replaces HDFS’ single node in-memory metadata service, with a distributed metadata service built on a NewSQL database.
Metadata capacity has been increased to at least 37 times HDFS’ capacity, and in experiments based on a workload trace from Spotify, we show that HopsFS supports 16 to 37 times the throughput of Apache HDFS.
HopsFS stores all metadata normalized in a highly available, in-memory, distributed, relational database called Network Database (NDB), a NewSQL storage engine for MySQL Cluster.
