美國媒體的偏好 (味道)

找資料的時候發現維基百科上面有一個條目是在說明美國媒體的偏好:「Media bias in the United States」,不過上面講的還是比較描述性,另外找了其他的研究來翻。

首先是在「"Fake News," Lies and Propaganda: How to Sort Fact from Fiction」這邊翻到的資料,是出自於「Ideological Placement of Each Source’s Audience」這邊,這是 2014 年的分析:

接著是翻到「News Literacy: News Views & Fact Checking Resources: Media Bias」這篇,出自「Media Bias Chart 4.0: Downloadable Image and Standard License」,這是 2018 年的分析:

再來是「Detecting Bias」,出自「Media Bias Ratings」,這是 2019 年的分析,原網站目前則是更新到 2021 年了:

透過這些資料可以很粗糙的抓一下這些媒體的 Political spectrum,在讀新聞的時候會更清晰一點。

勸人從 Linux 跳到 FreeBSD 的戰文...

前幾天在 Facebook 上看到正妹朋友的貼文,然後在 Hacker News Daily 上也看到了:「Technical reasons to choose FreeBSD over GNU/Linux」。

標準的戰文 XDDD

在這篇講的是 FreeBSD 在技術上的優勢 (雖然我覺得很多不是優勢...),作者在一月的時候有另外兩篇在講 BSD (不只是 FreeBSD) 與 Linux,主題偏政治面 (包括了社群的運作方式) 與 license 之類的問題,也是戰文:「Why you should migrate everything from Linux to BSD」與「Why you should migrate everything from Linux to BSD - part 2」。

不過畢竟就是戰文,拿爆米花來吃就好,還是用的順手比較重要。當初 FreeBSD 的 issue tracking system 換掉以後,覺得太卡就抽手了,不然還蠻愛 Ports 的架構的...

俄羅斯在英國脫歐的議題上,也利用 Social Network 的廣告影響民意

TechCrunch 上看到的,俄羅斯政府不只在美國選舉時這樣做,同時也在英國脫歐公投的議題上進行操作:「Twitter says Russians spent ~$1k on six Brexit-related ads」。

不過金額比美國選舉時小了很多:

In response to the Commission’s request for information concerning Russian-funded campaign activity conducted during the regulated period for the June 2016 EU Referendum (15 April to 23 June 2016), Twitter reviewed referendum-related advertising on our platform during the relevant time period.

Among the accounts that we have previously identified as likely funded from Russian sources, we have thus far identified one account—@RT_com— which promoted referendum-related content during the regulated period. $1,031.99 was spent on six referendum-related ads during the regulated period.

With regard to future activity by Russian-funded accounts, on 26 October 2017, Twitter announced that it would no longer accept advertisements from RT and Sputnik and will donate the $1.9 million that RT had spent globally on advertising on Twitter to academic research into elections and civil engagement. That decision was based on a retrospective review that we initiated in the aftermath of the 2016 U.S. Presidential Elections and following the U.S. intelligence community’s conclusion that both RT and Sputnik have attempted to interfere with the election on behalf of the Russian government. Accordingly, @RT_com will not be eligible to use Twitter’s promoted products in the future.