歐盟法院認為公開無線網路的營運者不需要對使用者的侵權行為負責

歐盟法院 (The Court of Justice of the European Union) 認為公開無線網路的營運者不需要對使用者的侵權行為負責:「EU Court: Open WiFi Operator Not Liable For Pirate Users」。

不過這是有一些前提的,法院認為應該要符合這幾個要件,營運方才不要負責。基本上完全沒有 filter 限制的無線網路會符合這些條件:

The Court further notes that in order for such ‘mere conduit’ services to be exempt from third party liability, three cumulative conditions must be met:

– The provider must not have initiated the transmission
– It must not have selected the recipient of the transmission
– It must neither have selected nor modified the information contained in the transmission.

帶這並不代表丟著不管,而是在發生後要求改善:

In an effort to strike a balance between protecting a service provider from third party liability and the rights of IP owners, the Court ruled that providers can be required to end infringement.

“[T]he directive does not preclude the copyright holder from seeking before a national authority or court to have such a service provider ordered to end, or prevent, any infringement of copyright committed by its customers,” the Court found.

One such measure could include the obtaining of an injunction which would force an operator to password-protect his open WiFi network in order to deter infringement.

但法院並不同意直接監控:

On a more positive note, the Court rejected the notion of monitoring networks for infringement or taking more aggressive actions where unnecessary.

“[T]he directive expressly rules out the adoption of a measure to monitor information transmitted via a given network. Similarly, a measure consisting in terminating the internet connection completely without considering the adoption of measures less restrictive of the connection provider’s freedom to conduct a business would not be capable of reconciling the abovementioned conflicting rights,” the Court concludes.

網路對現在的言論自由非常重要,所以只有在確認侵犯他人權益的情況下才採取必要措施,歐盟法院這樣判大概是覺得這樣吧...

海盜灣進駐北韓...

Update:請參考 comment 裡 scw 貼的連結,這是用 BGP 惡搞出來的假象。

在看到海盜灣最新的公告文章「PRESS RELEASE, NEW PROVIDER FOR TPB」這篇,其中這段:

Today we can reveal that we have been invited by the leader of the republic of Korea, to fight our battles from their network.

唔啊... 這哪招啊... @_@

現在查 thepiratebay.se175.45.177.217

;; ANSWER SECTION:
thepiratebay.se.        52276   IN      A       194.71.107.15

這個 IP 註冊在平壤的柳京洞 (Ryugyong-dong):

inetnum:        175.45.176.0 - 175.45.179.255
netname:        STAR-KP
descr:          Ryugyong-dong
descr:          Potong-gang District
country:        KP
admin-c:        SJVC1-AP
tech-c:         SJVC1-AP
status:         ALLOCATED PORTABLE
mnt-by:         APNIC-HM
mnt-lower:      MAINT-STAR-KP
mnt-routes:     MAINT-STAR-KP
remarks:        -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-++-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
remarks:        This object can only be updated by APNIC hostmasters.
remarks:        To update this object, please contact APNIC
remarks:        hostmasters and include your organisation's account
remarks:        name in the subject line.
remarks:        -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-++-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
changed:        hm-changed@apnic.net 20091221
source:         APNIC

來真的啊~

The Pirate Bay 將全面 Magnet 化...

The Pirate Bay 宣佈將所有的 .torrent 拿掉,改用 Magnet URI:「No more torrents=no changes anyhow」,另外可以參考「The Pirate Bay, Now Without Torrents」這篇。

不過也不是全部拿掉。只有當 .torrent 檔被十個人下載後,The Pirate Bay 才會將 .torrent 下載轉成 Magnet URI 的形式提供後續服務,以確保有足夠的使用者擁有 torrent 檔。這樣使得 The Pirate Bay 的頻寬用量降低,並且拉高阻擋的難度。

PS:imgur 剛好掛掉了,等恢復後再把上面的圖換成 imgur...

Update:imgur 恢復了...

The Pirate Bay (海盜灣) 從 Torrent 檔下載換成 Magnet URI (磁力連結)

The Pirate Bay 將把 torrent 檔下載方式換成磁力連結:「The Pirate Bay Will Stop Serving Torrents」。

Magnet URI 下載 BitTorrent 檔案其實只是多了一個抓 torrent 檔的步驟:首先先從 Magnet URI 內取得 SHA1 值,然後透過 DHT 抓到 torrent 檔的 metadata,然後後面就可以照舊進行... 至於 DHT 的初次建立,除了可以透過中央式的 router.utorrent.com 取得外,也可以透過其他 torrent 檔案下載所提供的 tracker 找到節點。在取得一批節點後,透過 PEX 交換出更多的節點。

DHT + PEX 的技術逐漸成熟 (愈來愈多程式支援),然後是最大的 torrent site 採用。之後的 public torrent site 應該都會改朝這個方向走...