integration

在本機用 pip 直接安裝 PostgreSQL server

看到 PostgreSQL 官方站台上的介紹，可以直接用 Python 的 pip 指令安裝 PostgreSQL server：「Install a local, non-root PostgreSQL Server with Python "pip"」，專案在「postgresql-wheel」這邊。

照 GitHub 上面的說明跑了一下，還真的可以惡搞... 這樣如果真的要在 CI 裡面跑的話也簡單很多了？只要能 pip 裝軟體就能跟你拼 XDDD

也省掉需要設定一些權限跑 Docker-in-Docker...

Travis CI 停止提供服務給 Open Source 專案

Hacker News Daily 上看到這個，在講 Travis CI 終止對 open source 專案的服務：「Travis CI is no longer providing CI minutes for open source projects」。

有不少專案已經改用其他 CI 服務的 free tier 做，像是 GitHub Actions 與 CircleCI 都有提供。

看了一下 Hacker News 上的討論，不少人是可以理解不會有永遠免費的午餐，只是這次 Travis CI 的處理讓大家覺得比較討厭的是，一方面官方一直跟 open source community 說我們很願意支援 open source community (前幾個禮拜官方 blog 還有發文重申這件事情)，另外一方面是一直在朝著關閉服務走：從限制 10K credits 開始，到現在不會再提供 credit 給 open source 專案。

有人整理了對應的時間軸：

? 2018: Travis CI announces they are starting the process of merging travis-ci.org, which provided free builds for OSS projects, into travis-ci.com, which until then was only for paying customers. They promise OSS builds will continue to be free.

? 2020: Travis CI announces they are shutting down travis-ci.org at the end of the year and all projects have to move to travis-ci.com. They promise OSS builds will continue to be free.

Early November 2020: travis-ci.com switches from providing unlimited builds for OSS to only providing 10k one-time credits by default. Projects that meet certain guidelines (e.g. no one paid to work on them) can apply for recurring credits.

Later in November 2020: CI for many OSS projects that had migrated to travis-ci.com starts to fail, as they've exhausted their 10K credits.

Dec 2020: If what is reported here is accurate, Travis CI stop providing any recurring OSS credits. CI breaks for the remaining OSS projects on travis-ci.com.

Jan 2021: travis-ci.org shuts down. CI will be broken for all projects using it. They'll have the option of migrating to travis-ci.com, but will soon break again as they exhaust their 10k credits.

這種服務非常吃 CPU resource，大型專案如果每個 push 或是每個 pull request 都跑一輪完整的測試，成本應該不低，大概可以理解為什麼 Travis CI 會這樣決定，不過態度就...

其他家有提供 free tier 的 CI 最近應該會湧入不少人，這幾個月可以看看其他家會不會也跟進，另外一方面應該也會有人開始自架？

GitHub 推出自己的 CI/CD 方案

GitHub 推出自家的 CI/CD 方案：「GitHub Actions now supports CI/CD, free for public repositories」。

這個功能是搭在 GitHub Actions 下面的功能，目前支援的語言還是以熱門的為主：

GitHub Actions now makes it easier to automate how you build, test, and deploy your projects on any platform, including Linux, macOS, and Windows. Run your workflows in a container or in a virtual machine. Actions also supports more languages and frameworks than ever, including Node.js, Python, Java, PHP, Ruby, C/C++, .NET, Android, and iOS. Testing multi-container apps? You can now test your web service and its database together by simply adding some docker-compose to your workflow file.

公開的 Repository 可以直接用，私人的 Repository 則是每個月有 2000 分鐘 (Free)、3000 分鐘 (Pro)、10000 分鐘 (Team) 以及 50000 分鐘 (Enterprise) 的額度可以用，另外超過的部份則是另外以分計費，換算成小時的話是 USD$0.48/hr (Linux)、USD$0.96/hr (Windows) 與 USD$4.8/hr (Mac)。

不過還是得等：

We’re excited to make this new version of Actions available. Learn more and sign up for the beta, which is free now until we make Actions generally available at GitHub Universe on November 13.

CD 的部份主要因為會跟架構有關，衝擊應該還好，但可以預期現有一堆 CI 服務應該會很辛苦了...

Amazon DynamoDB 提供 Docker Image 讓開發者可以在本地端測試

AWS 推出了 Amazon DynamoDB 的相容 Docker Image，讓開發者可以在本地端測試 DynamoDB 的 API：「Use Amazon DynamoDB Local More Easily with the New Docker Image」，在 amazon/dynamodb-local 這邊可以拉到，裡面其實是包 Java：

DynamoDB local is now available to download as a self-contained Docker image or a .jar file that can run on Microsoft Windows, Linux, macOS, and other platforms that support Java.

這樣在 Continuous Integration (CI) 的過程裡面也可以拉起 service 測試...

Amazon API Gateway 可以透過 NLB 接進 VPC 內了

AWS 宣佈可以透過 Network Load Balancer 把 API Gateway 接進 VPC 內了：「Amazon API Gateway Supports Endpoint Integrations with Private VPCs」。

You can use API Gateway to create an API endpoint that is integrated with your VPC. You create an endpoint to your VPC by setting up a VPC link between your VPC and a Network Load Balancer (NLB), which is provided by Elastic Load Balancing.

基本上是所有的區域都有了，除了美國政府的區域外：

This feature is now available in US East (N. Virginia), US East (Ohio), US West (Oregon), US West (N. California), Canada (Central), South America (São Paulo), EU (Ireland), EU (Frankfurt), EU (London), Asia Pacific (Singapore), Asia Pacific (Tokyo), Asia Pacific (Sydney), Asia Pacific (Seoul), and Asia Pacific (Mumbai) AWS regions.

是透過 NLB 接進去，而不是 ELB Classic 或是 ALB，可以來想像網路架構是怎麼做的...

GitHub 上的 Continuous Integration (CI)

GitHub 寫了一篇「GitHub welcomes all CI tools」，不過對我來說比較有趣的是各家 CI 在 GitHub 上的市占率：

可以看到 Travis CI 還是擁有壓倒性的佔有率 (大約一半)，這跟他提供免費的 public repository 方案有關。但以另外一個角度來看，這也讓使用商用版本 (travis-ci.com) 的人有大量的範例可以參考，而不需要擔心資源太少。

Heroku CI 正式推出

月初才提到「Heroku 也要進入 CI 市場...」，前幾天就開放使用了：「Heroku CI Is Now Generally Available: Fast, Low Setup CI That’s Easy to Use」。

收費方式是依照 Heroku Pipelines 收費，一個 Heroku Pipelines 是 USD$10/month：

Each CI-enabled Heroku Pipeline is charged just $10/month for an unlimited number of test runs.

比起其他棚是無限量 Travis CI 的 $69/month (1 concurrent job，不限時間)，或是 CircleCI 的 Free 方案 (1 concurrent job，限時每個月 1500 分鐘) 或是 USD$50/month (2 concurrent job，不限時間)，感覺有些微妙...

感覺還是先繼續用 Travis CI 好了，目前 Open Source Project 的標準，路邊可以隨便檢到很多範例用... (像是用 Google 找 ".travis.yml" "language:php" site:github.com 就可以找到很多 PHP 的範例)