The rest of this post will take us from these raw voltage waveforms all the way to decoded UDP packets. Hold on tight, we're going from L1 all the way to L4.
The oscilloscope doesn't have a built-in QSGMII analyzer (and we'll want to do fairly sophisticated processing of the data), so I wanted to export waveform data to my computer.
I knew that a device on the network was emitting about 30K UDP packets per second, or one packet every 33 µs. I configured the oscilloscope to collect 100M samples at 1 TSPS (tera-sample per second, 1012), which multiplies out to 100 µs of data; this means we should catch 1-3 UDP packets.
Two new variants of 10 megabit per second Ethernet over a single twisted pair, known as 10BASE-T1S and 10BASE-T1L, were standardized in IEEE Std 802.3cg-2019. 10BASE-T1S has its origins in the automotive industry and may be useful in other short-distance applications where substantial electrical noise is present. 10BASE-T1L is a long-distance Ethernet, supporting connections up to 1 km in length. Both of these standards are finding applications implementing the Internet of things.
Lanner’s “IIoT-I530” embedded PC runs Linux on an 11th Gen U-series CPU and supplies with up to 64GB RAM, 2x 2.5GbE, 6x PoE+, 2x COM, 4x USB 3.0, 2x HDMI, 3x M.2, SATA, mSATA, and DIO.
The Raspberry Pi Foundation simply changed the bootloader code to enable the Network install feature, and yes, it will only work with Raspberry Pi 4, CM4, and Raspberry Pi 400 keyboard PC, but not Raspberry Pi 3 and earlier models.
然後大家都想到類似的用途了,可以拿來當 router,還可以走 USB 拉出來,接個硬碟當個簡單的 NAS 用用:
The Dual Gigabit Carrier Board powered by Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 is equipped with Dual Gigabit Ethernet ports and dual USB 3.0 ports, making it suitable for soft router applications, while keeping the hardware to minimal.
不過無線網路的部份得自己搞,在買 RPi CM 4 的時候得選擇有無線網路的版本,母卡 (擴充卡) 本身不負責這塊業務。